What is infertility
Infertility is said to be if pregnancy (subject to an active sexual life without the use of contraceptives) does not occur for 12 or more months. For couples over 35, this period is only six months, since the reproductive potential at this age is limited, and doctors recommend not to waste time – to start treatment or resort to reproductive technologies.
According to statistical data , the problem of infertility affects up to 190 million people worldwide.
Medical care for patients with reproductive dysfunction involves prevention, diagnosis and treatment. It is possible to prevent the development of infertility by reducing or eliminating the influence of various habits on the reproductive system of women.
Eating disorders
Both overweight and underweight can negatively affect fertility. In order to understand if there are problems, you need to calculate your body mass index (BMI). A special calculator will help with this (it can be found on the Internet). You must enter your height and weight, after which the program will calculate the BMI.
Values in the range from 18.5 to 24.9 are considered the norm. Anything below refers to being underweight. Scores of 25 or more indicate overweight and obesity.
Weight gain leads to metabolic disorders, hormonal dysfunction and anovulation (a condition where the egg does not mature). But there are other nutritional features that provoke infertility.
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the amount of substances needed by the body. In extreme cases, it comes to anorexia or bulimia. In this case, the woman’s menstrual cycle is disturbed, anovulation and infertility occur. Until the patient regains her original weight, this problem may persist.
It is important to understand that one of the important functions of fat cells is the production and synthesis of hormones. For example, if a woman has too little fat, her body will not produce enough of the hormone estrogen. As a result, the reproductive system will not be able to function properly.
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Elena Kavteladze, gynecologist-reproductologist at Nova Clinic
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Smoking
Smoking is one of the most common bad habits that adversely affect human health. At the same time, passive smokers are also at risk.
Cigarettes are associated with an increased risk of female infertility. Women who smoke are 25% less likely to conceive successfully.
Nicotine penetrates into all organs and tissues, changing the acidity of various media and preventing fertilization. Everyone is well aware of the negative impact of smoking on the cardiovascular system. But this influence is systemic! The blood supply to the reproductive organs is also disturbed. As a result, the indicators of the ovarian reserve (that is, the supply of eggs) decrease and the blood flow in the uterus worsens, which prevents the implantation of the embryo.
Currently, electronic cigarettes and vapes are gaining popularity, but, unfortunately, they are slightly better than regular cigarettes.
Addiction to alcohol
Usually, women who abuse alcohol look older, as the body starts the aging process in all organs and systems. Sexual desire decreases, the production of sex hormones is disrupted. As a result, the risk of endocrine infertility increases.
Exhausting physical activity
Physical activity is useful, but everything is good in moderation. Exhausting workouts can lead to anovulation and insufficient production of progesterone, a hormone that is necessary for the normal course of pregnancy.
With severe physical exertion, the production of prolactin increases (one of the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland. – “Newspaper. Ru”), which can cause endocrine infertility.
Unprotected intercourse
Frequent change of partners or unprotected intercourse can cause serious problems in the future. Sexually transmitted infections, including gonorrhea and chlamydia, pose a threat.
Ascending infection (spreads from anatomically located lower organs of the urinary system to higher ones. – Gazeta) leads to inflammation pelvic organs, damage to the fallopian tubes and the uterine cavity, which leads to infertility.
It is important to understand that a woman may not always have a vivid clinical picture – often the disease is asymptomatic, but
To minimize the risk of infection, it is recommended:
• to have sexual relations with only one partner or reduce their number;
• Always use condoms;
• Take necessary tests together with a new partner.
Clothes not for the weather
Ordinary hypothermia can lead to the activation of opportunistic microflora and the development of the inflammatory process. This information will be useful for women who like to dress lightly in winter.
It is important to always choose clothes according to the season so as not to freeze. Outerwear should not be tight, and shoes should not be tight. This allows you to create a layer of air that warms the body. Try to eat before a walk or a trip to give the body the necessary resources to maintain optimal body temperature.
The habit of worrying over trifles
There is such a thing as psychogenic infertility – it depends on the emotional state. Nervous tension can affect the menstrual cycle and hormonal levels.
Worrying over trifles is also harmful. For women who have a habit of worrying about every little thing and constantly winding themselves up, this problem is especially relevant.
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Lack of proper sleep
Sleep is an important component of the normal functioning of all organs and systems in the body.
The production of hormones is determined by the biological clock and has a cyclical nature.
The duration of sleep and the correct daily routine are important. If a woman regularly stays up late, hormonal disorders may develop that lead to infertility.